@article {10.7554/eLife.62567,
	title = {Circuits for integrating learned and innate valences in the insect brain},
	journal = {eLife},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2021},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {e62567},
	publisher = {eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd},
	abstract = {Animal behavior is shaped both by evolution and by individual experience. Parallel brain pathways encode innate and learned valences of cues, but the way in which they are integrated during action-selection is not well understood. We used electron microscopy to comprehensively map with synaptic resolution all neurons downstream of all mushroom body (MB) output neurons (encoding learned valences) and characterized their patterns of interaction with lateral horn (LH) neurons (encoding innate valences) in \textitDrosophila larva. The connectome revealed multiple \textitconvergence neuron types that receive convergent MB and LH inputs. A subset of these receives excitatory input from positive-valence MB and LH pathways and inhibitory input from negative-valence MB pathways. We confirmed functional connectivity from LH and MB pathways and behavioral roles of two of these neurons. These neurons encode integrated odor value and bidirectionally regulate turning. Based on this, we speculate that learning could potentially skew the balance of excitation and inhibition onto these neurons and thereby modulate turning. Together, our study provides insights into the circuits that integrate learned and innate valences to modify behavior.},
	keywords = {action selection, Connectome, learnt behavior, valence},
	issn = {2050-084X},
	doi = {10.7554/eLife.62567},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62567},
	author = {Eschbach, Claire and Fushiki, Akira and Winding, Michael and Bruno Afonso and Andrade, Ingrid V and Cocanougher, Benjamin T and Eichler, Katharina and Gepner, Ruben and Si, Guangwei and Valdes-Aleman, Javier and Fetter, Richard D and Marc Gershow and Jefferis, Gregory SXE and Aravinthan D T Samuel and James W Truman and Cardona, Albert and Zlatic, Marta},
	editor = {VijayRaghavan, K}
}
